Scientific studies of various fields – X to Z

Scientific studies of various fields – 

X to Z

xylography-- art of engraving on wood 

xylology -- study of wood 

zenography-- study of the planet Jupiter 

zoiatrics-- veterinary surgery 

zooarchaeology-- study of animal remains of archaeological sites
 
zoochemistry-- chemistry of animals 

zoogeography-- study of geographic distribution of animals
 
zoogeology -- study of fossil animal remains 

zoology-- study of animals
 
zoonomy-- animal physiology 

zoonosology-- study of animal diseases 

zoopathology-- study of animal diseases 

zoophysics-- physics of animal bodies 

zoophysiology -- study of physiology of animals 

zoophytology-- study of plant-like animals 

zoosemiotics-- study of animal communication 

zootaxy-- science of classifying animals 

zootechnics-- science of breeding animals 

zygology -- science of joining and fastening 

zymology -- science of fermentation 

Scientific studies of various fields – U to V

Scientific studies of various fields –

U toV

ufology-- study of alien spacecraft 

uranography-- descriptive astronomy and mapping

uranology-- study of the heavens; astronomy
urbanology-- study of cities 

urenology-- study of rust molds 

urology -- study of urine; urinary tract 

venereology-- study of venereal disease 

vermeology-- study of worms 

vexillology-- study of flags 

victimology-- study of victims 

vinology -- scientific study of vines and winemaking 

virology-- study of viruses 

vitrics-- glassy materials; glassware; study of glassware 

volcanology -- study of volcanoes 

vulcanology-- study of volcanoes 

branch of chemistry dealing with brewing and distilling

Scientific studies of various fields – T

Scientific studies of various fields –

T

topology-- study of places and their natural features 

toponymics-- study of place-names

toreutics -- study of artistic work in metal

toxicology -- study of poisons 

toxophily -- love of archery; archery; study of archery 

traumatology-- study of wounds and their effects 

tribology -- study of friction and wear between surfaces 

trichology-- study of hair and its disorders 

trophology-- study of nutrition 

tsiganology-- study of gypsies 

turnery-- art of turning in a lathe 

typhlology-- study of blindness and the blind 

typography-- art of printing or using type 

typology-- study of types of things

Scientific studies of various fields – R to S

Scientific studies of various fields –

R to S



raciology-- study of racial differences


radiology-- study of X-rays and their medical applications


reflexology-- study of reflexes


rhabdology -- knowledge or learning concerning divining rods


rhabdology -- art of calculating using numbering rods


rheology -- science of the deformation or flow of matter


rheumatology-- study of rheumatism


rhinology-- study of the nose


rhochrematics-- science of inventory management and the movement of products


runology -- study of runes


sarcology-- study of fleshy parts of the body


satanology -- study of the devil


scatology-- study of excrement or obscene literature


schematonics-- art of using gesture to express tones


sciagraphy-- art of shading


scripophily -- collection of bond and share certificates


sedimentology -- study of sediment


seismology -- study of earthquakes


selenodesy-- study of the shape and features of the moon


selenology-- study of the moon 

semantics -- study of meaning 

semantology-- science of meanings of words 

Scientific studies of various fields – P to Q

Scientific studies of various fields –

P to Q -

paedology-- study of children 

paedotrophy-- art of rearing children 

paidonosology-- study of children's diseases; pediatrics 

palaeoanthropology-- study of early humans 

palaeobiology -- study of fossil plants and animals 

palaeoclimatology-- study of ancient climates 

palaeolimnology-- study of ancient Fish 

palaeolimnology-- study of ancient lakes 

palaeontology-- study of fossils 

philately-- study of postage stamps 

philematology -- the act or study of kissing 

phillumeny-- collecting of matchbox labels

philology -- study of ancient texts; historical linguistics 

philosophy-- science of knowledge or wisdom 

phoniatrics -- study and correction of speech defects 

phonology -- study of speech sounds 

psychology-- study of mind 

psychopathology-- study of mental illness 

psychophysics-- study of link between mental and physical processes 

pteridology -- study of ferns 

pterylology -- study of distribution of feathers on birds 

pyretology -- study of fevers

pyrgology -- study of towers 

pyroballogy-- study of artillery 

pyrography-- study of woodburning 

quinology -- study of quinine 

Scientific studies of various fields – M to O

Scientific studies of various fields –

M to O

mammalogy-- study of mammals 

manège-- the art of horsemanship

Mariology-- study of the Virgin Mary 

martyrology-- study of martyrs 

mastology-- study of mammals 

mathematics-- study of magnitude, number, and forms 

mazology-- mammalogy; study of mammals 

mechanics -- study of action of force on bodies 

meconology-- study of or treatise concerning opium 

melittology -- study of bees 

mereology-- study of part-whole relationships 

mesology -- ecology 

metallogeny-- study of the origin and distribution of metal deposits 

metallography-- study of the structure and constitution of metals
 
metallurgy-- study of alloying and treating metals 

nidology -- study of nests 

nomology-- the science of the laws; especially of the mind 

noology-- science of the intellect 

nosology -- study of diseases 

nostology-- study of senility 

notaphily-- collecting of bank-notes and cheques
 
numerology -- study of numbers 

numismatics-- study of coins 

nymphology-- study of nymphs 

obstetrics-- study of midwifery 

oceanography-- study of oceans 

oceanology -- study of oceans 

odology -- science of the hypothetical mystical force of od 

odontology-- study of teeth 

oenology-- study of wines 

oikology -- science of housekeeping 

olfactology-- study of the sense of smell 

ombrology -- study of rain 

oncology -- study of tumours 

oneirology -- study of dreams 

orthography-- study of spelling 

orthopterology-- study of cockroaches 

oryctology -- mineralogy or paleontology 

osmics-- scientific study of smells 

osmology-- study of smells and olfactory processes 

osphresiology-- study of the sense of smell 

osteology -- study of bones 

otology -- study of the ear 

otorhinolaryngology-- study of ear, nose and throat

Scientific studies of various fields – K to L

Scientific studies of various fields –

K to L -

koniology -- study of atmospheric pollutants and dust 

ktenology -- science of putting people to death 

kymatology -- study of wave motion 

labeorphily-- collection and study of beer bottle labels 

larithmics-- study of population statistics 

laryngology -- study of larynx 

lepidopterology -- study of butterflies and moths 

leprology-- study of leprosy

lexicology -- study of words and their meanings

lexigraphy-- art of definition of words 

lichenology -- study of lichens 

limacology-- study of slugs 

limnobiology-- study of freshwater ecosystems 

limnology -- study of bodies of fresh water 

linguistics -- study of language 

lithology-- malariology study of malaria 

Scientific studies of various fields – H to I

Scientific studies of various fields –

H to I

hydrography-- study of investigating bodies of water

hydrokinetics-- study of motion of fluids 

hydrology-- study of water resources 

hydrometeorology-- study of atmospheric moisture 

hydropathy -- study of treating diseases with water 

hyetology-- science of rainfall 

hygiastics -- science of health and hygiene 

hygienics-- study of sanitation; health 

hygiology-- hygienics; study of cleanliness 

hygrology-- study of humidity 

hygrometry -- science of humidity 

hymnography-- study of writing hymns 

hymnology -- study of hymns 

hypnology-- study of sleep; study of hypnosis 

hypsography-- science of measuring heights 

iamatology -- study of remedies 

iatrology-- treatise or text on medical topics; study of medicine 

iatromathematics-- archaic practice of medicine in conjunction with astrology

ichnography-- art of drawing ground plans; a ground plan 

ichnology-- science of fossilized footprints 

ichthyology-- study of fish.

iconography-- study of drawing symbols 

iconology-- study of icons; symbols 

ideogeny-- study of origins of ideas 

ideology -- science of ideas; system of ideas used to justify behaviour 

idiomology-- study of idiom, jargon or dialect 

idiopsychology-- psychology of one's own mind 

immunogenetics-- study of genetic characteristics of immunity 

immunology-- study of immunity 

immunopathology-- study of immunity to disease 

insectology -- study of insects 

irenology -- the study of peace

Scientific studies of various fields – E to G

Scientific studies of various fields –

E to G

Egyptology-- study of ancient Egypt 

ekistics-- study of human settlement 

electrochemistry-- study of relations between electricity and chemicals 

electrology -- study of electricity 

electrostatics-- study of static electricity 

embryology-- study of embryos 

emetology -- study of vomiting 

emmenology -- the study of menstruation 

endemiology-- study of local diseases 

endocrinology-- study of glands

enigmatology-- study of enigmas 

entomology-- study of insects

entozoology-- study of parasites that live inside larger organisms 

enzymology-- study of enzymes 

ephebiatrics-- branch of medicine dealing with adolescence 

epidemiology-- study of diseases; epidemic
s
fluviology -- study of watercourses 

folkloristics-- study of folklore and fables 

futurology-- study of future 

garbology-- study of garbage 

gastroenterology -- study of stomach; intestines

gastronomy-- study of fine dining 

gemmology-- study of gems and jewels 

genealogy-- study of descent of families 

genesiology-- study of reproduction and heredity 

genethlialogy-- the art of casting horoscopes 

geochemistry-- study of chemistry of the earth's crust 

geochronology--- study of measuring geological time 

geogeny-- science of the formation of the earth's crust 

geogony-- study of formation of the earth

geography-- study of surface of the earth and its inhabitants

geology -- study of earth's crust 

geomorphogeny-- study of the origins of land forms 

geoponics-- study of agriculture

Scientific studies of various fields – C & D

Scientific studies of various fields –

C & D

campanology-- the art of bell ringing
carcinology-- study of crabs and other crustaceans
cardiology-- study of the heart
caricology-- study of sedges
carpology -- study of fruit
cartography -- the science of making maps and globes
cartophily-- the hobby of collecting cigarette cards
castrametation -- the art of designing a camp
catacoustics--science of echoes or reflected sounds
catalactics-- science of commercial exchange
catechectics -- the art of teaching by question and answer
cetology -- study of whales and dolphins
chalcography-- the art of engraving on copper or brass
chalcotriptics-- art of taking rubbings from ornamental brasses
chaology -- the study of chaos or chaos theory
characterology -- study of development of character
chemistry-- study of properties of substances

chirocosmetics-- beautifying the hands; art of manicure
diabology-- study of devils
diagraphics-- art of making diagrams or drawings
dialectology -- study of dialects
dioptrics -- study of light refraction
diplomatics -- science of deciphering ancient writings and texts
diplomatology-- study of diplomats
docimology-- the art of assaying
dosiology-- the study of doses
dramaturgy -- art of producing and staging dramatic works

Scientific studies of various fields – A to B

Scientific studies of various fields –

A toB

acarology-- study of mites

accidence-- grammar book; science of inflections in grammar 

aceology-- therapeutics 

acology -- study of medical remedies 

acoustics -- science of sound 

adenology -- study of glands 

aedoeology -- science of generative organs 

aerobiology -- study of airborne organisms 

aerodonetics-- science or study of gliding 

aerodynamics -- dynamics of gases; science of movement in a flow of air or gas 

bacteriology -- study of bacteria

balneology -- the science of the therapeutic use of baths 

barodynamics-- science of the support and mechanics of bridges 

barology-- study of gravitation 

batology-- the study of brambles 

bibliology-- study of books 

bibliotics-- study of documents to determine authenticity 

bioecology-- study of interaction of life in the environment 

biology -- study of life 

biometrics-- study of biological measurement

bionomics-- study of organisms interacting in their environments 

botany-- study of plants 

bromatology -- study of food 

brontology -- scientific study of thunder 

Physical and Inorganic books link

Physical Chemistry: Robert G. Mortimer

http://www.4shared.com/get/rXP4ubZr/Robert_G_Mortimer-Physical_Che.html

Physical Chemistry of Surfaces (6^th Ed): Arthur W. Adamson

http://www.4shared.com/file/A6W0E_E1/Physical_Chemistry_of_Surfaces.htm

Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications (2^nd Ed): Bard and Faulkner

http://www.4shared.com/document/9_3lNGjj/Bard_AJ_Faulkner_LR_Electroche.htm

Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (5^th Ed)

http://www.scribd.com/doc/6065981/Vogels-Textbook-of-Quantitative-Chemical-Analysis-5th-Edition-Longmann

Inorganic Chemistry: Meissler and Tarr

http://www.4shared.com/document/ARiyal4V/Inorganic_Chemistry__Miessler_.htm

Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (3^rd Edition): Cotton and Wilkinson

http://www.4shared.com/document/ifG31Gul/Advanced_Inorganic_Chemistry.htm

Give ans

1. The molecular orbital with highest energy in a nitrogen molecule is

(a) σ^*_2S         (b) π_2P        (c) σ^*_2P         (d) π^*_2P

2. A colourless salt when heated imparts lilac colour to the flame. It turns red litmus blue. The salt is

(a) Na₂CO₃       (b) KNO₃       (c) NaNO₃         (d) K₂CO₃

3. The metal that CANNOT be displaced from its aqueous solution by zinc is

(a) Cu         (b) Ag         (c) Al           (d) Hg

4. The product obtained in the nitration of 4-methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline in a strongly acidic medium is

(a) 4-methyl-2-nitro-N,N-dimethylaniline

(b) 4,N-dinethyl-2,5-dinitroaniline

(c) 4-methyl-2,5-dinitroaniline

(d) 4-methyl-3-nitro-N,N-dimethylaniline

5. Boron nitride is isolelectronic with

(a) LiF       (b) CO         (c) (CN)^-        (d) AlN

6. The equation for real gases is (P + a(n/V)² )(V – nb) = nRT. In the above equation, the terms a(n/V)² and (-nb) respectively represent the corrections for

(a) intermolecular attractive forces and inelastic collision

(b) intermolecular repulsive forces and high temperatures

(c) intermolecular attractive forces and molecular volumes

(d) deviations in the temperature and pressure

7. The substance that has the lowest boiling point is

(a) HCl        (b) H₂S       (c) PH_3­       (d) SiH₄

8. IUPAC name for K₃[(C₂O₄)₃] is

(a) potassium trioxalato aluminate ()

(b) potassium aluminium oxalate

(c) potassium trioxalate aluminium ()

(d) potassium trisoxalato aluminium ()

9. The phenomenon which first suggested that light is emitted in packets (quanta) is

(a) electron diffraction            (b) photoelectric effect

(c) diffraction of light             (d) black body radiation

10. The total number of electrons present in 8.0 g of methane is

(a) 4.8 x 10²⁴       (b) 3.01 x 10²⁴        (c) 4.8 x 10²⁵          (d) 3.01 x 10²³

Water

Earth is surrounded with water but only 3% of water is pure and can be consumed. Water is a resource which is very essential for the survival of mankind. Environmental reasons and human attitude towards water is the main reasons for the scarcity of water some countries are facing.

People in many countries are deprived of this basic need of consuming pure water. There are many reasons which attest the short supply of water in these countries. Population in some countries like India and China makes it difficult; to cater the water needs of all families. Also callous attitude of some people towards water are effecting the needy. Since pure water is scarce there is price people have to pay to afford it. So, rich who can afford it consume more than required.

There are many things government and people can do to use this resource wisely. Investment into research to convert available water into pure water should be encouraged. Dumping of waste into water should be avoided and alternative method should be developed to decompose the waste. Government should ban organisation’s leaving harmful chemicals into water, it is not only dangerous to human beings but also cause of disturbance to the marine life.

Individuals should be educated to consume water more sensibly. Water should be equally distributed among families according to number of members. Drinking water should not be allowed to be priced possession of some but a right of every man.

Lastly, conservation of water is a responsibility of every individual in the world and not just the government or few countries.                                               

Questions -- give ans

11. The largest number of molecules is present in 1 g of

(a) CO₂    (b) H₂O    (c) C₂H₅OH     (d) N₂O₅

12. The non-nucleophilic base is

(a) CN ^–     (b) ^– OC (Me)₃   (c) ^– OH   (d) MeO ^–

13. A soap solution in water removes greasy substances by

(a) adsorption        (b) peptization     (c) coagulation      (d) emulsification

14. A gas will approach ideal behaviour at

(a) low temperature and low pressure

(b) low temperature and high pressure

(c) high temperature and low pressure

(d) high temperature and high pressure

15. The compound that has the highest dipole moment is

(a) cis-1,2-dichloroethene

(b) trans-1,2-dichloroethene

(c) cis-1-chloro-2-bromoethene

(d) -1-chloro-2-bromoethene

16. A firework gives out crimson coloured light, due to the presence of salts of

(a) calcium     (b) sodium    (c) barium     (d) strontium

17. The fuel that is considered least polluting is

(a) petrol      (b) coke      (c) furnace oil      (d) CNG

18. A certain current passed through a CuSO₄ solution for 100 seconds deposits 0.3175 g of Copper. The current passed (in A) is

(a) 4.83       (b) 9.65       (c) 0.965       (d) 0.483

19. The most stable carbocation is

                         +

(a)    CH₃-S-CH₂

                               +

(b)   CH₃-CH-CH₂

                +

(c)    F-CH₂

                 +

(d)   Cl₃C

20. CCl₄ (g) + 2H₂O (g) → CO₂(g) + 4HCl (g)

The standard enthalpies of formation at 298 K for CCl₄ (g), 2H₂O (g), CO₂(g) and HCl(g) are -106.7, -241.8, -393.7, and -92.5 kJmol^-1 respectively. The value of ΔH^o₂₉₈ for the above reaction is

(a) -137.7 kJ       (b) 173.4 kJ       (c) -173.4 kJ       (d) 137.7 kJ

questions

1. The solubility product of Ag₂CrO₄ is 1.9 x 10^-12. The volume of water in mL that can dissolve 4mg of Ag₂CrO₄ is about

(a) 150 mL       (b) 1000 mL      (c) 250 mL      (d) 500 mL

2. A mixture of aluminium and zinc weighing 1.67 g was completely dissolved in acid and evolved 1.69 L of hydrogen gas (measured at 273 K and 1 atm pressure). The amount of aluminum in the original mixture is approximately 

(KINDLY DO NOT ANSWER THIS AS THE OPTIONS ’T SEEM LOGICAL)

(a) 1.8 g      (b) 2.0 g        (c) 1.2 g      (d) 2.2 g   [ (b) is the only LOGICAL answer based on the options given ]

3. The structures of AlCl₃ and PCl₃ can be described as

(a) both planar      (b) both pyramidal    (c) planar and pyramidal respectively      (d) pyramidal and planar respectively

4. The precipitate of AgCl dissolves in

(a) conc. HNO₃   (b) excess HCl     (c) dil. H₂SO₄   (d) aq. Ammonia

5. orders for NO and NO⁺ are respectively

(a) 2.5 and 3         (b) 2 and 4        (c) 3.5 and 2.5        (d) 3 and 2

6. The atomic number of copper is 29, Its Effective Atomic Number (EAN) in [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺ is

(a) 40    (b) 29     (c) 35    (d) 36

7. For water, the maximum number of phases that can be in equilibrium is

(a) 1    (b) 2       (c) 3        (d) 4

questions( 1 -10)

questions( 1 -10)  --

1. _______________ is the process by which a gas becomes a liquid.
2. _______________ is the process by which a liquid becomes a gas.
3. The normal boiling point of water is __________.
4. The _______________ of a liquid is its resistance to flow.
5. _______________ is the process by which a solid turns directly to a
gas.
6. _______________ have definite shape and definite volume.
7. _______________ is the process by which a solid turns to a liquid.
8. _______________ is the process by which a gas turns directly to a
solid.
9. _______________ is the process by which a liquid becomes a solid.
10. True solids are said to possess ______________ structure.

Answer

1. [condensation]—If you go outside on a cool morning, you may find
condensation on many cool surfaces.
2. [vaporization]—The steam that you see coming from a teapot is the result
of vaporization.
3. [100 oC or 373 K]—You will learn more about the Kelvin scale in Chapter 2.
4. [viscosity]—Liquids with a great deal of viscosity are very resistant to flow.
5. [sublimation]
6. [solids]—Solids don’t take the shape and size of their containers.
7. [fusion]—The term fusion is also used for a nuclear process that we will
discuss in Chapter 6.
8. [deposition]—When water vapor “freezes” onto a cold surface, deposition
is taking place.
9. [solidification]—This is the process that we normally call “freezing.” Many
people associate the term “freezing” with “cold,” but the process of
solidification can happen at relatively high temperatures for some substances.
10. [crystalline]